Blooming is a "Second Evolution" for girls, but even on DMM (where FKG was initially released) not all girls have it. Nutaku has not released a bloomed form for ANY girl yet (though many of the girls we have already have it on DMM)
Life Crystal shop is so sporadic it's difficult to say at present. I guess the best advice: plan for every month, expect every 6 months lol.
Theoretically, all gacha engines are entirely random based on % chances (Normal chances unknown AFAIK, Premium/Limited are IIRC 60% 3*, 33% 4*, 6.5% 5* and .5% 6*). There are a number of "conspiracy theories" that speculate it's not entirely random. At present, all we have to go on in regards to those is personal experience (message boards for games like Fire Emblem whose stat growths are random love to tell you PEMN = Personal Experience Means Nothing and debates on such boards use average stats based on bases + growth rates alone)
Evolution does not count as an upgrade for the daily quest. It simply resets the girl's level to 1 and raises the cap.
Dupe = duplicate, as in a girl you already have
Reissue = Repeat of an event already released on Nutaku (Lavender, Edelweiss, Mountain Lily, etc. are already owned by players who were here from release). So far all reissues only allow for a chance to get the girl alone, with no extras like the initial event had. Thus, a Pine Tree reissue would only allow you to work to getting a new/maxing out your owned Pine Tree.
If you're having difficulty clearing later event maps, rely on the powerlevel method + high-powered helper squads to get you through.